基于WQImin模型的贵州草海水质评价分析
- 分享到:
摘要：
草海作为贵州省最大的高原湖泊，近年来因水质问题备受关注。依据2022年1月至2023年3月草海及人湖河流的逐月监测数据，采用水质指数(WQI)法对其水质进行评价。结果表明，草海水体总磷含量较低而总氨含量较高，降雨径流对氮、磷污染贡献较小，研究区域平均 WQI 值为 54.49，水质评价等级以“中等”为主。在时间分布上，8至9月份水质评价结果最佳；在空间分布上，西部区域水质评价结果优于东部区域，人湖河流水质评价结果优于湖区，表明入湖河流对湖区水质影响较小。基于多元线性逐步回归，从 14个水质指标中筛选出高锰酸盐指数(CODma)、总氣(TN)、悬浮物(SS)、氨氣(NH4-N)，溶解氧(DO)等5项关键指标，构建了 WQImin 模型，该模型在训练集和测试集上表现良好，训练集上得到决定系数R=0.846，均方根误差RMSE=2.09，百分比误差 PE3.45%，研究结果旨在为草海的生态环境管理提供决依据。
Caohai, the largest plateau lake in Guizhou Province, has garnered significant attention due to recent water quality deterioration, This study assessed water quality of Caohai using the water quality index(WQl) method, analyzing month-to-month monitoring data spanning January 2022 to March 2023 from Caohai lake and rivers entering the lake, Results indicated a low total phosphorus(TP) content but high total nitrogen(TN) levels in the lake, with rainfall runoff contributing relatively minimally to nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, The average WQl value across the study area was 54,49, reflecting a medium water quality evaluation grade. Temporally, the best water quality evaluation results were presented from August to September, Spatially, the western region exhibited superior water quality compared to the eastern area, and inlet rivers showed better evaluations than the lake, which exerted lesser influence on lake water quality, Employing stepwise multiple linear regression, 5 key indicators, including permanganate index(CODma), total nitrogen(TN), suspended solids( SS), ammonia nitrogen( NH4-N), dissolved oxygen(Do), were selected from 14 water quality indicators, establishing the minimum comprehensive water quality index(WQlmin ) model, The model demonstrated robust predictive capabilities in both the training and test sets, showing an excellent fit(R2=0.846) with low root mean square error(RMSE =2.09) and a percentage error ratio of 3.45% in the training set, The results of the study are intended to provide a decision-making basis for the ecological management of the Caohai.
作者：
万颖，杜明普，郭艳敏，刘坤云，孙赫英，王英才，李瑞雯
Wan Ying, Du Mingpu, Guo Yanmin,Liu Kunyun,Sun Heying,Wang Yingcai,Li Ruiwen
机构地区：
生态环境部长江流域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心；贵州省生态环境监测中心
引用本文：
万颖，杜明普，郭艳敏等。基于 WQlmin模型的贵州草海水质评价分析 [ ] ].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版)，2025,53(4):107-117.( Wan Ying,Du Mingpu,Guo Yanmin,et al,Evaluation of water quality of Guizhou Caohai based on the WQlmin model [ J ].Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2025, 53 (4):107-117.DO1:10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2367.2024.08.30.0001.)
基金：
长江生态环境保护修复联合研究二期项目；长江生态环境保护修复城市驻点跟踪研究项目；国家重点研发计划项目
关键词：
高原湖泊；草海；水质评价；最简水质综合评价指数(WQlmin)；时空分布特征
plateau lake; Caohai; water quality assessment;minimum comprehensive water quality index (WQlmin) ;spatial and temporal distribution characteristics
分类号：
X524
